*AMSOSHIN TAMBAYOYINKU*

*HUKUNCIN CANJA NINYAR AZUMIN FARILLAH TA KOMA TA NAFILA*

*176 AMSOSHIN TAMBAYOYINKU*

*HUKUNCIN CANJA NINYAR AZUMIN FARILLAH TA KOMA TA NAFILA*

TAMBAYA:

Assalamu alaikum warahamatullah, malam dan Allah ana bin mutum azumi sai ya fara rama wanda ake bin sa daga baya Sai ta dau sittu Shwwal ba ta gama ba sai al'ada ta zo mata har watan Shawwal ya kare ba ta gama ba, Malan to mutum zai iya rage wanda ya rama guda biyu ya cikashe sittu Shwwal daga baya sai ya rama biyun a matsayin na ramuwa? Allah ya ba da ikon amsawa.

AMSA:

Wa'alaikumus Salamu Wa Rahmatullah, ƴar uwa bai inganta mutum ya canja ninyar azumin nafila ta koma matsayin azumin ramako na Ramadhana da ake bin sa ba, saboda ba makawa azumin ramako sai an kwana da ninya da daddare, domin azumin ramako yana ɗaukar hukuncin azumin Ramadhanan da ake yi ne, saboda hadisin Annabi ﷺ da Ibn Umar ya ruwaito cewa: "Duk wanda bai ɗauki ninyar azumi kafin ketowar Alfijir ba, to ba shi da azumi". Abu Dáwud 2454, Tirmizhiy 730, Ibn Majah 1700.

Wannan hadisin malaman Musulunci sun bayyana cewa ana nufin azumin farillah da na kaffara da kuma na bakance ake nufi, wato ban da azumin taɗawwu'i kenan, domin shi ko ba a kwana da ninyarsa ba za a iya ɗaukarsa bayan wayewar gari matuqar mutum bai riga ya ci abinci ba.

Imamun Nawawiy ya ce: "Azumin Ramadhana ba ya inganta da ɗaukar ninya da rana, haka nan na ramako, da na kaffara, da na fansa a aikin Hajji, da sauran duk azumin da suke wajibai ne, babu saɓani a wannan". Dubi Almajmu'u 6/286.

Imamus Siyuɗiy cewa ya yi: "Lallai canja ninya bayan kammala ibada ba ya tasiri a kan wannan ibada". Dubi Al'ashbaáhu Wan Nazwaá'ir shafi na 38.

Bisa dalilan da ke sama sai ya zama kenan, canja ninya ko ɗauƙar azumin farillah a mayar da shi matsayin sittu Shauwal hakan bai inganta ba, haka nan mutum ya mayar da sittu Shauwal ko wani azumin nafila a matsayin na ramakon Ramadhana, duk hakan bai inganta ba tun da canja ninya ba ya aiki a kan ibada bayan an kammala ibadar.

*MATSAYIN SITTU SHAUWAL DIN DA BA A KAMMALA SHI BA*

Sannan duk wanda ya fara yin azumin sittu Shauwal bai sami damar kammalawa ba sai rashin lafiya ko wani uzuri ya same shi har watan ya fita, malamai sun ce zai sami ladar waɗanda ya azumta, wasu malaman kuma suka ce zai sami ladar duka azumi shidan matuqar uzuri ne mai qarfi ya hana shi kammalawa.
Amma kuma wasu malaman suna da fahimtar cewa zai iya qarisa cikon sauran da rashin lafiya ko uzuri ya hana shi cikasawa ko da a watan Zhulqi'ida ne, sai dai ladarsa ba zai yi dai-dai da yin ta a Shauwal ba.

Ibn Hajar Alhaitamiy ya ce: "Wanda ya azumci sittu Shuwal tare da Ramadhana a kowace shekara, to za su zamo tamkar azumin shekara ɗaya na farillah ne ba tare da ninkawa ba, wanda kuma ya azumnci kwakani shida ba na Shauwal ba, to za ta zamo tamkar sauran azuminsa na nafila ne ba tare da ninkawa ba. Tuhfatul Muhtaj 3/456.

Wasu malaman kuma suka ce ko mutum ya yi azumi shida da nufin sittu Shauwal matuqar ba a Shauwal ba ne ba zai sami falalar da ake samu na sittu Shauwal ba saboda zahirin yadda nassoshi suka nuna.

Ibn Baáz shi ko cewa ya yi: "Ba a shar'anta rama azumin sittu Shauwal ba bayan ficewar watan, saboda ita Sunnah ce da mahallinta ya shuɗe, dai-dai ne saboda uzuri ne ba a yi ba ko ba da uzuri ba" Majmu'u Fataáwa na Ibn Baáz 15/389.

Da kuma aka tambayi Allama Ibn Baáz ɗin game da wata mata da ta yi azumin sittu Shauwal guda huɗu, amma saboda uzuri ba ta sami cikaso biyun ba sai Allama ya ce:

"Azumin kwanaki shida na Shauwal ibada ce mustahabbiya ba wajiba ba ce, kina da ladar abin da kika azumta, kuma ana maki fatan samun ladar sittu Shauwal ɗin baki ɗaya idan ya kasanci abin da ya hana ki cikasa azumin uzuri ne na Shari'a, saboda faɗin Annabi ﷺ cewa: "Idan bawa ya yi rashin lafiya ko ya yi tafiya, Allah zai rubuta masa abin da ya kasance yake aikatawa a lokacin zaman gida, kuma yake lafiyayye. Bukhariy 2996. Don haka babu ramuwa a kanki na azumin (Shauwal) da ba ki yi ba. Dubi
Majmu'u Fataáwa Ibn Baáz 15/395.

Bisa shawara abin da ya fi zama dai-dai ga wanda ya fara azumin Sittu Shauwal bai sami ikon kammalawa ba har watan ya qare saboda wani uzuri shi ne; ya bar abin da bai azumta ɗin ba, ba sai ya rama ba, ana fatan Allah zai cikasa masa sauran sakamakon, saboda Sittu Shauwal ba wajibi ba ne, mustahabbi ne, balle mutum ya ce dole sai ya rama.

Allah ne mafi sani.

*Jamilu Ibrahim Sarki, Zaria.*
10/11/1440 h.
13/07/2019 m.