Painful periods can occur even when the reproductive system is completely healthy. When this happens, it's called primary dysmenorrhea. This kind of pain can be caused by several things.
First, during menstruation, the uterus contracts to expel its inner lining (the endometrium). As a result, the blood vessels are compressed, which causes a temporary lack of oxygen and can cause pain.
Second, throughout the menstrual cycle, uterine tissues accumulate prostaglandins, hormone-like substances that intensify uterine contractions.
Higher levels of prostaglandins cause more intense pain. Prostaglandins also accumulate in other tissues, for example, in those of the intestines. That's why painful periods are often accompanied by diarrhea.
Menstrual pain can also be a manifestation of secondary dysmenorrhea, which occurs when there is a gynecological condition. This type of dysmenorrhea is often associated with pelvic disorders (endometriosis, pelvic infections).
Reviewed By
Tahir Mahmood, MD, Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Victoria Hospital, UK, Chair of EBCOG Standards of Care and Position Statements Group, 30+ years' experience in obstetrics and gynecology
YOU ARE READING
Girl To Girl: Vol. 2
VéletlenHealth and Wellness, acne, pregnancy, periods, sex, period sex, STIs & STDs, and so much more! If you haven't already, check out the first Girl To Girl book for 200 chapters covering topics from how to deal with acne scars, what the colour or smell...
