Let's Learn Korean (beginner-intermediate)

Chapter 12 - 이다 (is/am/are)

Let's take a look at the "be" forms in English:

I am a student

You are a man

That is a book 

yan lahat ay galing sa 이다. 

Para mas madali maintindihan, sa Tagalog, ang "ay" = 이다

This is only applicable to nouns. Ibang way nanaman ang paggamit sa verbs at adjectives. We will go back to that sa future chapters.

Kung sa Ingles pa, mahirap ito dahil kailangan mong bantayan kung plural o singular ba ang subject kung kaya ay pipili ka kung is/am/are ba ang gagamitin. Luckily, sa Korean and sa Tagalog, di na ito nagmamatter. 

For am/is/are you'll use 이다.

Written form: (highest form)

(ida) 이다 (casual form)

(imnida) 입니다 (formal polite)

Spoken form(polite):

(iyeyo)이예요 (for consonants)

(Yeyo)예요 (for vowels)

Spoken form(impolite):

(iya)이야 (consonants)

(Ya) 야 (vowels)

So, let's have an example.

Lets say bago lang tayo nagkakilala tapos gusto mo akong sabihan na "i am a student"

"I am a student"

For I, we will use 저, to be more formal and polite.

Student = 학생 (haksaeng)

Am = 이예요 (iyeyo)

The sentence structure will be: I student-am

So... 저는 학생이예요

저(attaching particle 는) then 학생 + 이예요

I am a student = 저는 학생이예요 jeoneun haksaeng-iyeyo

Or, you could also say 저는 학생입니다 jeoneun haksaeng-imnida

Another example:

Telling someone your name. Let's say your name is mika and you are introducing yourself to someone younger than you.

(Naneun mikaya) 나는 미카야 = i am Mika

Or.

(Ireum) 이름 - name

나는 이름+이 particle 미카야

(Naneun ireumi mikaya) 나는 이름이 미카야 = my name is Mika

Or basically just say 나 미카야 since 나 is obviously the topic, you don't have to add the topic particle.

Or literally

(Nae) 내 - my

내 이름+은 particle 미카야

내 이름은 미카야 (nae ireumeun mikaya) - my name is mika.

Ex 3.

You are a man

너 - you

남자 - man

너는 남자야 (neoneun namjaya)

너는 남자예요 (neoneun namjayeyo)

너는 남자입니다 (neoneun namja-imnida)

너는 남자이다 (neoneun namja-ida)

They all mean, you are a man.

Ex. 4

This is a book

(igeo) 이거 - this (thing)

(Chaek) 책 - book

이것은 책이다. (igeoseun chaekida)

This is a book. (lit. This thing is a book)

이 by itself means "this"

But it is usually added with 것(geot) or usually spoken as 거(geo).

것 means "thing"

So adding 이 and 거 would mean "this thing" or basically just "this."

Questions? Always welcome! You can ask through comments or pm me.

P.s. Ayoko itong nangyayari sa exo. :(