When visiting someone's house or entering a public building like a school or hot spring, you take off your shoes and switch to slippers before you go in.
The easiest way to know if you have to take off your shoes is there'll be a change in elevation in the floor, so when you go in there'll be a little stair where you can switch to slippers that are there. This step, or foyer, is called genkan.
This is the one thing on this list that will have noticeable results.
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Things Not To Do In Japan
Non-FictionThese are some cultural norms you should never do in Japan if you are planning to travel or move to Japan. I have never been to Japan myself; this is just information I found online from people living in Japan. I give credit to Abroad in Japan's vid...