Learn How Networking Works
is not just the . It also entails the that carry the information across the network.The is a standard way of organizing the functions of a . None of the common network stacks in use today strictly adhere to the OSI Model but the OSI Model is commonly referenced when discussing the functions within a protocol stack and when comparing functions between different protocol stack implementations. Whenever you are reading networking documentation and you see a reference to a "" they are referring to the functional layers of the OSI Model.There are numerous types of utilizing a blizzard of , suites, and . As you learn about networking it can be confusing and overwhelming. Remember the first rule of hacking, the successful hackers are the ones that don't quit.The Internet Is an Amazing Source of Free Training Material
Learn About Information Security
at its heart, is simple and embodies the concept of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability () of .
Confidentiality — only those authorized can access the information.Integrity — the information is only modified by an authorized person.Availability — the data is available to an authorized person when needed.
What makes information security challenging are the technologies and people used to collect, store, and manage the information. Hardware and software can be but people cannot. More often than not, the biggest challenge in security is how people implement operational security (). , maintained by The Grugq, has an extensive collection of articles related to OPSEC successes and epic failures.We also live in a veritable blizzard of new technologies, software, and services, drifting high on top of older technologies and often security was never considered during their design. This is not to say that new technologies take security into account, most devices referred to as the Internet of Things () are extremely insecure by design.It is vital to learn how to hack in order to understand the interplay between the hardware, software, people because without this understanding you will not be able to provide .Information Security Training Resources
Learn How to Find Systems, Services, and Vulnerabilities on Networked Systems
In a (capture the flag) (see "") you will need to find what are running on the target and if there are any known . is the go to tool for systems on a network. Once you have discovered the systems, you will need to find what services are running and what vulnerabilities they have. Service and vulnerability discovery is also a critical tool that need to master.Vulnerability Scanners and Databases
maintains the (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) database. is a site that makes it easy to search for CVEs based on multiple criteria. is a search engine for Internet connected devices. is an of the .is a proprietary vulnerability scanner. is free and allows you to scan up to 16 IP addresses on your personal home network. — Vulnerability Scanning with the open source cross-platform utility for network discovery and security auditing.
Learn About Web Application Security
are not the only you will find on a . Fully and system can be through running on them. Web applications can be vulnerable due to in the technologies used to create them or through errors in their but the most common vulnerabilities are the result of on the part of the web application developer.The () first published its "" most critical web application security risks in 2003. Each category in the top ten represents a class of vulnerabilities that may contain more than one example.The best place to start learning how web application vulnerabilities work and how to prevent them is to use OWASP a self-contained web application security training environment with lessons, labs, and . WebGoat is written in so you will need to it first.When you run WebGoat the machine you are running it on will be vulnerable. The best way to do this is to run WebGoat in a with networking. This will protect the virtual machine while allowing you to connect to the Internet through the host computer.If you run WebGoat on your own computer I recommend placing your system behind a dedicated so you do not get compromised. You will need a web application attack proxy to complete some of the WebGoat lessons. has the most features and has free and professional editions. () is .Web Application Security Training Resources
Learn to Code
You do not need to to get started but as you master the (CLI) (see"") you will eventually need to automate a or modify someone else's code to get it to do what you want.The most common coding is , or on , and on it is and . Many of the security tools you will be learning to use are written in or .Linux Shell References and Tutorials
Learn to Use a Penetration Testing Linux Distribution
A (pen test) is a simulated attack on a system to determine . There are specifically made for pen testing that come with an assortment of the most common and tools pre-installed. Pick a penetration testing distribution and install it in a . Use it to test security on you home . You can also install a image in a virtual machine to train with (see ""). If you do not know which pen testing distribution to use, I suggest using Kali Linux. Once you get the hang of it you can branch out and try some of the other pen test distributions.Popular Linux Penetration Testing Distributions
What Security Tools Should You Learn When First Starting Out
There are numerous security tools and it can be hard to know which ones learn first. Most of the tools I list here are commonly included in (pen test) (see "").These tools are not listed in any particular order and you will often need to combine tools to get a complete picture of a system, , or . For training resources on some of these tools see "".Security Tools
is an open source cross-platform utility for network discovery and security auditing. is a cross platform command-line network utility tool that displays network connections. is an open source cross-platform tool for executing exploit code against a remote target machine. is a proprietary vulnerability scanner. is and allows you to scan up to 16 IP addresses on your personal home network. Also see Learn how to find known and vulnerable systems. is an of the vulnerability scanner (see ""). is a proprietary web application security testing tool. The comes built into (see "" and "").is an open source web application security testing tool and comes built into Kali Linux (see "" and "").
How to Practice Without Getting Into Legal Trouble
It is possible to practice your new found hacking skills without the risk of being arrested (see ""). is the name given to images designed for and (CTF) training. I recommend starting out with Boot2Root images that have . Try to complete the challenges on your own. If you get stuck you can look at the walk-throughs for help.It is also helpful to read multiple walkth-throughs for the same Boot2Root as pentesters don't always use the same tools and methods (see "").A good Boot2Root to start with is which is designed to train pentesters in the use of . You can also try your hand at . has created a VirtualBox that makes building Metasploitable 3 much simpler. You just and import the OVA, start the virtual machine, and sit back and relax as it builds your Metasploitable 3 virtual machine.Once you have got Metasploitable 2&3 under your belt you can visit , a repository of free Boot2Root images you can practice on.As your skills improve you can also try your hand at competitive CTFs such as (Network King of the Hill) which are run at the monthly and meetings. You can also get free CTF training from the Meetup group. DC404 has a CTF team you can join (all experience levels are welcome) and alos check for a calendar of CTFs.
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