Abnormal Psychology

Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior

         More Heat Than Light:
Top 10 Most Significant Changes in the DSM-5    

1.Overall "Mission Creep"
2. Discontinuation of the Multi-axial Diagnosis
3. Greater (bio)medical orientation
4. Inclusion of Section III: Emerging Measures & Models
5. Dimensionalizing Disorders (e.g. ASD, Schiz)
6. Reclassification & Re-combination of Disorders
7. Addition of Non-Substance Addictive Disorders
8. Movement towards "Clinical Utility" vs. "Validity"
9. Movement from Roman to Arabic Numbers
10. Designed to articulate with the ICD

Back to the Future?

DSM-5 and ICD-10-CM:
Conceptual Evolution

Setting the Stage: The Globalization of Psychology 

Changes in demographics & infrastructure, training and education have changed the field of psychologyICD fosters global communication among health care professionals – builds from an internationally derived foundation each country to modify for its unique needs (i.e. Clinical Modification).

 Purposes of ICD

Monitor health epidemics/threats to public                                                                                                  

Assess health/disease burden

Identify vulnerable/at risk populations                                                                                                        

Define obligations of WHO members to provide health care access to their populations      

Form guidelines for care & standards of practice                                                                                      

Facilitate research into more effective treatments

Global Health Monitoring Reveals    

Mental disorders account for greater disease burden than any category, except communicable diseases (WHO, 2008) Depression - leading cause of years lost due to disability globally; disease burden 50% higher for females than males (WHO, 2012)                                                                                    

For serious mental disorders, the treatment gap between those who need and those who receive treatment is 32 - 78%, depending on disorder (Kohn et al of WHO, 2004); substantially higher in developing countries

History of ICD    

Early nomenclatures - alphabetized lists of disease names Nomenclatures developed into classification systems organized according to topography and later etiology Origins of the ICD:
-1851 Great Exhibition
-Led to First International Statistical Conference (1853) in Brussels -causes of death a topic considered for international comparison
-Convened every 2 years until 1878.
-Succeeded by ISI; still hold biennial meetings