🌿The human body is made up of different systems that coordinate with one another in order to perform their functions well. If any part of these organ systems malfunctions, the body will become unbalanced. The instability caused by the malfunctioning of one system cannot be made stable by other systems because each system has its own function in the body.
🌿The female reproductive system, just like the male reproductive system, is also regulated by hormones. The follicles produce hormones that control the growth and release of eggs from the ovaries. While other hormones prepare the uterus so a baby can grow in it, other hormones still control the stretching of the uterus during pregnancy. An ovary releases only one egg every 28 days.
🌿Hormones control many of the changes in the reproductive system. The monthly changes that take place in the female reproductive system is called menstruation. This cycle occurs every month from the first onset which could happen when a female is between 10 to 13 years old. The monthly cycle continues for about 40 years.
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🌿The cycle can be subdivided into 4 phases/stages, first is the follicular phase where an ovum with its surrounding follicle cells develops. The second is the ovulation phase which involves the maturation and breaking away of the ovum from its surrounding follicle cells. The third is the Luteal phase, it is characterized by the increase level of progesterone. The last one is the menstruation stage/phase where the tissue lining, blood and mucus are discharged from the female reproductive tract.
🌿The important events during the menstrual cycle are as follows: 1. The pituitary gland controls and starts the cycle. 2. The pituitary gland releases hormones that cause the egg in the ovary to mature. The luteinizing hormone (LH) initiates the maturation of the follicles, converts ruptured follicles into corpus luteum and causes the secretion of progesterone. The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) assists in the maturation of the follicles and causes the secretion of estrogen from the follicles. 3. Meanwhile, the ovary itself releases a hormone called estrogen, which causes the uterine lining to increase in thickness. The uterine lining becomes thicker so that the fertilized egg can attach to it. 4. The ovary releases an egg on day 14. Assume that no sperm is present. 5. The egg moves through the oviduct/fallopian tube and enters the uterus. 6. Meanwhile the uterus continues to thicken. 7. The egg has not been fertilized; therefore, it will not attach to the uterus. 8. The thick uterine lining is no longer necessary, so the cells of the thickened uterine lining break off and leave the vagina. The unfertilized egg is lost and some blood will be lost too. This loss of cells from the uterine lining, blood, and egg is called menstruation 9. After menstruation, the cycle starts again.
PHASES | DESCRIPTION/EVENTS 1. Follicular Phase - Follicle cells develop. 2. Ovulation Phase - Maturation and breaking away of the ovum from its surrounding follicle cells 3. Luteal Phase - Increase level of progesterone 4. Menstrual Phase - The tissue lining, blood and mucus are discharged from the female reproductive tract.
*********************************** Guide Questions: 1. How long does menstrual cycle last?
2.Describe what happens to the egg during the first 14 days of cycle.
3.Describe what happens to the ovum during the ovulation stage.
4.Explain what takes place in the uterus after fertilization. (The answers were on the picture/image inserted below)
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