The Uzumaki Clan was a powerful clan found in Uzushiogakure, the Land of the Whirlpools. The Uzumaki's were respected and feared throughout the nations for their skills in Fuinjutsu, the Art of Sealing. They were descendants of Ōtsusuki Asura and shared distant relation to the Senju Clan. This led to Konoha and Uzushio having very close ties and remaining allies for decades.
The Uzumaki's typically possessed strong life force and extraordinary amounts of stamina and vitality. They were known for having long lifespans and they seemed to age slower. This also lets them survive and endure more severe injuries while recovering in shorter periods of time.
These traits are a reason as to why Uzumaki's are suited for the role as the jinchuriki of the Kyuubi, the strongest of the tailed beasts. Uzumaki's are strong enough to survive the removal of a tailed beast, although they are very weakened afterwards.
Another reason that the Uzumaki's are well suited to be a jinchuriki is because they possess Chakra Chains. Chakra Chains are durable chains purely made of the users chakra. They can be used in combat, sealing or the binding of a target. They can restrain foes as strong as tailed beasts. Chakra Chains are only found in the Uzumaki clan but there are very few able to use them.
The destruction of Uzushiogakure came about when some of the worlds nations banded together to destroy them, believing that they were too strong to be allowed to continue. Despite the downfall of Uzushio there were still survivors that are scattered around the world.
Today, most ninja's are unaware of the Uzumaki Clan and their importance. Their skills and accomplishment have been forgotten by most.
However, there will be one Uzumaki who will remind the world and future generations just how strong and boundless the Uzumaki's really are.