Linux commands reference

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find- Search for files that meet a desired criteria

fmt- Reformat paragraph text

fold- Wrap input lines to fit in specified width

for- Expand words and execute commands

format- Format disks or tapes

free- Display memory usage

gawk- Find and Replace text within file(s)

getopts- Parse positional parameters

grep- Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern

groups- Print group names a user is in

gzip- Compress or decompress named file(s)

hash- Remember the full pathname of a name argument

head- Output the first part of file(s)

history- Command Line history

hostname- Print or set system name

id- Print user and group id's

if- CConditionally perform a command

import- Capture an X server screen and save the image to file

info- Help info

install- Copy files and set attributes

join- Join lines on a common field

kill- Kill a process

less- Display output one screen at a time

let- Perform arithmetic on shell variables

ln- Make links between files

local- Create variables

logname- Print current login name

logout- Exit a login shell

lpc- Line printer control program

lpr- Off line print

lprint- Print a file

lprintd- Abort a print job

lprintq- List the print queue

lprm- Remove jobs from the print queue

ls- List information about file(s)

m4- Macro processor

man- Help manual

mkdir- Create new folder(s)

mkfifo- Make FIFOs (named pipes)

mknod- Make block or character special files

more- Display output one screen at a time

mount- Mount a file system

mtools- Manipulate MS-DOS files

mv- Move or rename files or directories

nice- Change job scheduling priority

nl- Number lines and write files

nohup- Run a command immune to hangups

passwd- Modify a user password

paste- Merge lines of files

pathchk- Check file name portability

popd- Restore the previous value of the current directory

pr- Convert text files for printing

printcap- printer capability database

printenv- Print environment variables

printf- Format and print data

pushd- Save and then change the current directory

pwd- Print Working Directory

quota- Display disk usage and limits

quotacheck- Scan a file system for disk usage

quotactl- Set disk quotas

ram- ram disk device

readonly- Mark variables/functions as readonly

remsync- Synchronize remote files

return- Exit a shell function

rm- Remove files

rmdir- Remove folder(s)

screen- Terminal window manager

sdiff- Merge two files interactively

sed- Stream Editor

select- Accept keyboard input

seq- Print numeric sequences

set- Manipulate shell variables and functions

shift- Shift positional parameters

shopt- Shell Options

sleep- Delay for a specified time

sort- Sort text files

source- Run commands from a file

split- Split a file into fixed-size pieces

su- Run a command with substitute user and group id

sum- Print a checksum for a file

symlink- Make a new name for a file

sync- Synchronize data on disk with memory

tac- Concatenate and write files in reverse

tail- Output the last part of files

tar- Tape ARchiver

tee- Redirect output to multiple files

test- Evaluate a conditional expression

time- Measure Program Resource Use

times- User and system times

touch- Change file timestamps

tr- Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters

trap- Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)

tsort- Topological sort

tty- Print filename of terminal on stdin

type- Describe a command

ulimit- Limit user resources

umask- Users file creation mask

umount- Unmount a device

unalias- Remove an alias

uname- Print system information

unexpand- Convert spaces to tabs

uniq- Uniquify files

units- Convert units from one scale to another

unset- Remove variable or function names

unshar- Unpack shell archive scripts

until- Execute commands (until error)

users- Print login names of users currently logged in

uudecode- Decode a binary file

uuencode- Encode a binary file

v- Verbosely list directory contents ('ls -l -b')

vdir- Verbosely list directory contents ('ls -l -b')

watch- Execute/display a program periodically

wc- Print byte, word, and line counts

which- Show full path of commands

while- Execute commands

who- Print all usernames currently logged in

whoami- Print the current user id and name ('id -un')

yes- Print a string until interrupted

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⏰ Last updated: May 06, 2008 ⏰

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