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Applets and Applications
The most common types of programs written in the Java programming language are applets and applications. If you've surfed the Web, you're probably already familiar with applets. An applet is a program that adheres to certain conventions that allow it to run within a Java-enabled browser.
An application is a standalone program that runs directly on the Java platform. A special kind of application known as a server serves and supports clients on a network. Examples of servers are Web servers, proxy servers, mail servers, and print servers. Another specialized program is a servlet. A servlet can almost be thought of as an applet that runs on the server side. Java Servlets are a popular choice for building interactive web applications, replacing the use of CGI scripts. Servlets are similar to applets in that they are runtime extensions of applications. Instead of working in browsers, though, servlets run within Java Web servers, configuring or tailoring the server.
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Dual Utility of JAVA
o The programs developed in Java fall into two main categories : applications and applets.
o The Java Applications are general programs like any other programming language. They can perform any required operation/task or application.
o The Java Applets are Java Programs that are downloaded over the World Wide Web and are executed as a part of Web page, by a Web Browser on the machine. The Applets can create games, interactive programs, animations and develop multimedia effects on the web page.
o A program written in JAVA can be either an application or an applet or both, depending on the writing structure of the program.
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Character set of JAVA
o Letters A-Z and a-z, 0-9 digits,
special symbols like Space, +, -, *, /,
^, \, (, ), {, }, [, ], =, !=, <, >, ., ‘,
“, $, ;, :, %, !, &, ?, -, #, @, <=, >= and white spaces like blank space,
horizontal
tab,
carriage
return,
newline, form feed etc.
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Tokens of JAVA
o JAVA comprises of tokens as smallest element of the program. They implement various features within a program.
They are as follows :
o Keywords
o Identifiers
o Literals
o Separators
o Operators
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STRUCTURE OF A JAVA PROGRAM
o The program written in Java has two
main parts :
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