Ban chat sinh hoa cua qua trinh:
C6H12O6(2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 27Kcal
GD1:duong fan thanh' a.pyruvic
GD2: a.pyruvic bi decarboxyl hoa tao acetaldehyde (E. pyruvat decarborydase)
GD3: acetaldehyde + H2 ( etanol ( E. alcolaldehydedrogenase )
Coi duong la 100% ( sau len men: 22% etylic, 46,6 % CO2, 3,3% glycerin, 0,6% acid succinic
Trong dk len men PH = 4-5. acetaldehyde la chat tiep nhan hidro tao ethanol
Trong moi truong kiem, acetaldehyde vua bi oxh vua bi khu, tao san pham la glyxerin
Trong dk yem khi, nam men sinh san phat trine manh, tao sinh khoi nam men va 1 luong nho ethanol
Nguyen lieu len men
Nguyen lieu co san duong: nam men co the len men truc tiep
Nguyenlieu co bot: phai trai qua duong hoa: PP amylase va PP nufco-malt
Cellulose
Tac nhan VSV
Tac nhan len men ruou : Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S.ellipsoideus, S.paradoxus, S.oviforuris, S.lactics, Endomycopsis, S.Candida.
Tac nhan duong hoa : Rhizopus, Mucor (da so), Aspergillus, Amylomyces
VK lactic: Lactobaccillus, Streptococcus
Vk acetic(VK lactic va acetic duoc dua ve phuong trinh toi uu de cac VSV len men ruou
Cac yeu to anh huong den qua trinh len men ruou
Nguon hydrat cacbon: nam men chi co kha nang len men mono va disaccharide
Nong do duong 10-15%: co the huan luyen de VSV chiu nong do duong carbon
Nguon dduong khac cua nam men: N, P
O2: dieu khien len men hieu khi hay ki khi
PH
Nhiet do: 15-35 do, toi uu 28-32
Nong do ruou tao thanhco the huan luyen de VSV chiu do ruou cao hon
Cac san pham len men truyen thong: O dang chung cat hay khong chung cat
Ruou ko chung cat: bia, sake, ruou can, vang, ruou, nep than, nuoc trai cay len men
Ruou chung cat: ruou de, ruou whisky, ruou Phum, ruou cognac
Bia:
Thuc uong len men ruou tren dich malt - hat dai mach nay mam voi hoa houblon.
Hat ngu coc co the lam bia nhung khong bang malt
Gom hai giai doan
Len men: gom co len men noi (S.cerecisiae: sinh nhieu CO2 lam noi bot) va len men chim (S.carlsbengeusis, o day bon, len men o 20 do, trong 5-7 ngay)
U chin: tao huong vi dac trung
