Optical Fiber Manufacturers

What are the Advantages of Optical Cable Splitter

In general, an optical splitter has many input and output terminals to attain the branch of the light beams and maximize the functionality of optical network circuits. The passive optical splitter can split, or separate, an incident light beam into several light beams at a certain ratio. A fiber optic splitter, better known as a beam splitter, is based on a quartz substrate of an integrated waveguide optical power distribution device. It is similar to a coaxial cable transmission system. The optical network system makes use of an optical signal coupled to the branch distribution. The fiber optic splitter is one of the most significant passive devices in the optical fiber link. It is an optical fiber tandem device with a lot of input and output terminals, especially applicable to a passive optical network to connect the MDF and the terminal equipment and to branch the optical signal.

There are different types of optical cable splitter which can be divided into Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) splitter and Planar Light wave Circuit (PLC) splitters. The FBT splitter is one of the popular ones as FBT splitters are widely accepted and used in passive networks, especially for instances where the split configuration is smaller. The FBT splitter uses two (or more) fibers. The fibers' coating layer is removed. Both fibers, at the same time, are stretched under a heating zone thus forming a double cone. This special waveguide structure allows control of the splitting ratio via controlling length of the fiber torsion angle and stretch.

The fiber optic PLC splitter is a more new technology as it offer a better solution for larger applications. Waveguides are fabricated using lithography onto a silica glass substrate, which allows for routing specific percentages of light. As a result, PLC splitters offer accurate and even splits with minimal loss in an efficient package. The PLC splitter is a micro-optical element using photolithographic techniques to form optical waveguide at medium or semiconductor substrate for realizing branch distribution function.

There are Balanced splitters that consists of 2 input fibers and N output fibers which divide the power of the optical signal proportionally. They are mainly used for non-simultaneous redundancy.

Advantages of optic splitters include:

• The FBT splitter offers low cost, common materials (quartz substrate, stainless steel, fiber, hot dorm, GEL), and an adjustable splitting ratio.

• PLC splitter: Losses are not sensitive to the wavelength, spectral uniformity is higher, it is more compact and is lower cost with greater degrees of splitting.

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