Cau 1: tu tuong HCM la gi? Tu tuong do duoc hinh thanh trong dieu kien nao? Noi dung cot loi cua ttHCM?
Tu tuong HCM la mot he thong quan diem toan dien va sau sac ve nhung van de co ban cua qua trinh cach mang VN tu cach mang dan toc dan chu nhan dan den cach mang XHCN la ket qua su van dung sang tao va phat trien CN mac Le nin vao dieu kien cu the cua nuoc ta dong thoi la su ket tinh tinh hoa dan toc va tri tue thoi dai nham giai phong dan toc, giai phong giai cap, giai phong con nguoi. Dieu kien hinh thanh tt HCM: XHVN cuoi the ky XIX dau the ky XX. XHVN truoc khi phap xam luoc la XH phong kien doc lap nen nong nghiep lac hau tri tre. Chinh quyen nha Nguyen da thi hanh chinh sach doi noi doi ngoai bao thu lac hau k mo ra kha nang cho VN co hoi tiep xuc va bat nhip voi su phat trien cua the gioi vi vay da k phat huy duoc nhung the manh cua dan toc va dat nuoc, k tao ra duoc nhung tiem luc vat chat va tinh than du du suc bao ve to quoc chong lai am muu xam luoc cua chu nghia thuc dan phuong tay khi thuc dan phap xam luoc viet nam 1858 va hiep dinh Patonot 1884 duoc ky ket XHVN buoc sang giai doan moi va tro thanh XH nua phong kien nua thuoc dia. Trong long XH thuoc dia mau thuan moi bao chum nen mau thuan cu, no khong thu tieu mau thuan cu ma la co so de duy tri mau thuan cu lam cho XHVN cang them den toi. Cac phong trao khang chien vu trang chong phap ram ro, lan rong ra ca nuoc. Lanh dao ho la cac sy phu van than mang y thuc he phong kien , dieu do cho thay su bat luc cua he tu tuong phong kien truoc nhiem vu lich su cua dan toc. Dau the ky XX boi canh cua XHVN dat dan toc chong ca trieu lan Tay. Cac cuoc khoi nghia cua Nong dan va phong trao yeu nuoc o thoi nay du duoi ngon co nao cung bi that bai hoac bi dim trong be mau. XHVN khung hoang ve duong noi cuu nuoc Nguyen Tat thanh sinh ra trong boi canh nuoc mat nha tan va lon len trong phong trao cuu nuoc cua dan toc nguoi da som tim ra nguyen nhan that bai cua cac phong trao giasi phng dan toc la: cac phong trao giai phong dan toc deu k gan lien voi tien bo XH. Nguyen Ai Quoc da nay y dinh ra di tim duong cuu nuoc. Con duong da dua Nguyen Ai Quoc den voi ttHCM: doc lap dan toc gan lien voi CNXH, giai phong dan phai di theo con duong moi. Su xuat hien tu tuong HCM la mot yeu to dap ung nhu cau lich su cua cah mang VN. Que huong va gia dinh: HCM sinh ra trong 1 gia dinh nho hoc, co ne nep gia phong mau muc, giu dao hieu va co truyen thong hieu hoc, yeu thuong dum boc. Cu Nguyen Sinh Sac co tu tuong yeu nuoc, thuong dan, cuoc doi cu pho bang co anh huong sau sac den viec hinh thanh nhan cach tt HCM sau nay. Que huong Nghe Tinh huyen lam Dan Lang Kim Kim Lien co truyen thong cach mang dam net giau truyen thong yeu nuoc chong giac ngoai xam. Que huong cua nguoi co nhieu anh hung noi tieng nhu Mai Thuc Loan, Nguyen Diem, Dang Dung, Phan Dinh Phung, Phan Boi Chau... da tham mau cua cac anh hung liet sy chong Phap nhu: Vuong Thuc Mau, Nguyen Sinh Quyen. Ban than anh trai, chi gai cua Bac cung tham gia chien dau dung cam khi con hoc o Hue Nguyen Tat thanh da chung kien bon thuc dan Phap dan ap dong bao minh dieu do da thoi thuc nguoi quyet tam ra di tim duong cuu nuoc cuu dan. Boi canh thoi dai: CNTB tu giai doan tu do canh tranh sang giai doan TB doc quyen, CNDQ xac lap duoc su thong tri tren pham vi toan the gioi cach mang thang 10 Nga thanh cong dan toi su ra doi cua nha nuoc cong- nong dau tien tren the gioi, mo dau cho thoi dai moi thoi dai qua do tu CNTB len CNXH tren pham vi toan the gioi . Dau tranh giai phong dan toc la cuoc dau tranh chung cua cac dan toc thuoc da chong CNDQ, CN thuc dan gan lien voi cuoc dau tranh cua giai cap vo san quoc te noi dung cot loi cua ttHCM la nhung van de co lien quan den qua trinh phat trien tu cach mang dan toc dan chu nhan dan tien len cach mang XHCN. La noi dung tu duy va nhat quan hanh dong cua HCM. Tthuc te da chung minh trong nhieu nam qua Viet Nam di theo con duong doc lap dan toc gan lien voi CNXH va gianh duoc nhung thang loi mang tinh thoi dai mot trong nnhung nang luc noi sinh cua CMVN chinh la dinh huong ttHCM do la yeu to quoc yeu nhan dan yeu CNXH. Chinh nhung van de do tao len nhung van de cua CMVN.
Cau2:trinh bay co so va wa trinh hinh thanh tu tuong ho chi minh?
Chu nghia mac lenin la nhan to anh huong va tac dong wyet dinh den qua trinh hinh thanh phat trien tu tuong ho chi minh.do la co so hinh thanh the gioi wuan va phuong phap luan khoa hoc cua ho chi minh nho do ma ho chi minh da co buoc phat trien ve chat tu mot nguoi yeu nuoc tro thanh chien si cong san loc lac.tim ra con duong cuu nuoc dung dan.chinh tren co so ly luan mac-lenin da giup nguoi tiep thu va chuyen hoa cac nhan to tich cuc, nhung gia tri va tinh hoa van hoa cua dan toc va cua nhan loai de tao nen tu tuong cua minh phu hop voi xu the van dong cua lich su vi vay trong qua trinh hinh thanh tu tuong ho chi minh thi chu nghia mac lenin co vai tro to lon la co so nguon goc chu yeu nhat.tu tuong ho chi minh ke thua va phat trien nhhung gia tri truyen thong tot dep cua dan toc trai qua, may ngan man lich su dung nuoc va giu nuoc da vun duc tao lap cho dan ta mot nen van hoa phong phu da dang va thong nhat ben vung voi nhung gia tri truyen thong tot dep cao wy trong do chu nghia yeu nuoc viet nam la nac thang cao nhat cua van hoa viet nam . day la tai san gia tri nhat trong hanh trang cua chu tich ho chi minh la co so xuat phat xuyen xuat cuoc doi hoat dong cach mang cua nguoi. Vuot qua gian nan thu thach hiem nguy day la nguon goc la co so quan trong de hinh thanh nen tu tuong ho chi minh.tu tuong ho chi minh la tiep thu tinh hoa cua van hoa nhan loai ho chi minh da tiep thu co chon loc nhung yeu to tichj cuc cua van hoa phuong dong trong nho giao va phat giao nhu long vi tha tu tuong tu bi bac ai tinh yeu thuong con nguoi, triet ly hanh dao giup nguoi, tu than duong tinh, truyen thong hieu hoc. Tu tuong tu do, binh dang, bac ai dan chu, va phong cach dan chu, nhan quyen cua van hoa phuong tay. Nhu vay tren con duong hoat dong cach mang nguoi da lam giau tri tue cua minh bang tri tue thoi dai,dong, tay kim co. vua thu hai vua gan loc suy nghi vua lua chon ke thua van dung phat trien gop phan lam phong phu tao nen tu tuong cua nguoi. Nhung nhan to chu quan thuoc ve pham chat ca nhan cua ho chi minh, truoc het do la tu tuong duy doc lap tu chu sang tao cong voi dau oc phe phan tu tuong sang suot trong nghien cuu tim hieu va van dung phat huy tinh hoa van hoa nhan loai do la su kho cong hoc tap nham chiem linh von tri thuc phong phu va kinh nghiem thuc tien qua cac phong trao dau tranh cach \mang cua giai cap cong nhan va nhan dan lao dong quoc te, do la tam hon ya chi cua 1 nha yeu nuoc. Mot chien si cong san nhiet thanh mot trai tim yeu nuoc thuong dan, thuong yeu con nguoi san sang chiu dung nhung gian kho hi sinh vi doc lap cua to quoc vi hanh phuc cua nhan dan.chinh nhung pham chat hiem co do da queyt dinh viec ho chi minh tiep nhan chon loc chuyen hoa phat trien nhung tinh hoa dan toc va cua thoi dai thanh tu tuong dac sac cua nguoi. Qua trinh hinh thanh tu tuong ho chi minh. Tu tuong ho chi minh ko phai da hinh thanh nagy mot luc ma trai qua mot qua trinh tim toi xac lap phat trien va hoan thien gan voi qua trinh hoat dong cach mang phong phu cua nguoi. Thoi ky hinh thanh tu tuong yeu nuoc va chi huong cach mang tu nam 1890- 1911 bac tiep thu truyen thong dan toc hap thu von van hoa quoc hoc va han hoc tiepo xuc voi van hoa phuong tay chung kien cuoc song kho cuc cua dong bao. Bac nay ra y dinh sang phuong tay tim hieuxem the gioi lam gi roi tro ve giup dong bao minh. Thoi ky tim toi khao nghiem 1911- 1920 nam 1911 bac sang phap sau do sang anh my. Nam 1913 nguoi tu my quay lai anh nam 1917 nguoi tu anh sang phap vao lu cno ra cach mang thang 10 nga. Pari soi dong tim hieu cach mang thang muoi. Nam 1919 nguyen ai quoc gia nhap dang xa hoi phap. T8/1919 nguoi gui ban ban yeu sach cua nhan dan An nam den hoi nghi vec xay 30/12/1920 nguoi bieu quyet tan thanh dag cong san phap. Tro thanh nguoi cing san viet nam dau tien giai doan nay danh gia su phat trien vuot bac cua nguoi tu tu giac ngo chu nghia xa hoi toi giac ngo chu nghia mac -lenin thoi ky hinh thanh co ban ve con duong cach mang viet nam 1921- 1930 hcm hoat dong tich cuc trong ban nghien cuu thuoc dia cua dang cong san phap xuat ban to le parie nham truyen ba CNMLN vao viet nam. Nam 1923 bac sang nga du dai hoi Vquoc te cong san .nam 1924 bac ve quang chau to chuc vn thanh nien cach mang mo lop huan luyen can bo .nam 1927 bac xuat ban tac pham duong cach menh. T2/1930 NAQ chu tich hoi nghi hop nhat va thanh lap dazng csvn nguoi truc tiep soan thao van kien chanh cuong van tat sach luoc van tat cua dang. 3/2/1930 HCM tro thanh nha tu tuong dung nghia. Tu tuong hcm ve cach mang viet man duoc hinh thanh co ban.1930 -1941 khang dinh quan diem cua hcm ve cmvn thoi ky nay hcm va quoc te cong san mau thuan tron gnhan thuc ve lien minh va luc luong cach mang dieu nay phan anh quy luat cua cach mang viet nam gia tri va suc song cua tthcm.thoi ky phat trien hien thuc hoa tu tuong hcm 1941 1969 day la thoi ky hcm cung trung uong dang lanh dao nhan dan vua khang chien chong thhuc dan phap vua xay dung che do dan chu nhan dan ma dinh cao lka chien thang dien bien phu tien hanh cuoc khang chien chong my cuu nuoc va xay dung xhcn o mien bac.tu tuong hcm hinh thanh tren co so khoa hoc va cach mang co qua trinh truong thanh lien tuc trong dau tranh chong ke thu chonh nhan thuc chua phu hop trong nuoc va quoc te ve cmvn.tthcm la mot chan ly co y nghia lon trong nhung nam dau the ky nay.
