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Concept of OOP
o OOP stands for Object Oriented
Programming. It is the latest trend in
programming languages supported by C++
and Java and has had the revolutionary
success in the race of OOP. The limitations
of the Procedure Oriented Programming
(POP) languages, have given place to the
development of the OOP.
CORE CONCEPTS OF OOP
o The basic concepts of Object Oriented
Programming (OOP) are :
n Abstraction
n Encapsulation
n Inheritance
n Polymorphism
Features of OOP
o Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without
including the background details or explanations.
o Encapsulation is an act of wrapping up of data and methods into a single
unit (called class). It is one of the most fundamental concepts of the Object
Oriented programming. The very insulation of the data from direct access
by the program is termed as Data Hiding. Encapsulation, is hence, just a
way to implement Abstraction.
o Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquire the
properties of objects of another class. This further provides an important
extension to the idea of reusability. i.e. a particular programmer can make
use of an existing class and without any further modifications, add
additional features and capabilities to it, by deriving a new class from the
existing one, through inheritance.
o Polymorphism is the capacity to allow objects having different internal
structures to share the same external interface. It is the ability for a
message or data to be processed in more than one form.
ADVANTAGES OF OOP
o Elimination of redundant coding system and usage of
existing classes through inheritence.
o Programs can be developed by sharing existing
modules.
o Security of data values from other segments of the
program through data hiding.
o Possibility of co-existence of multiple instances of an
object without any interference.
Few Examples of OOP Languages
o The different Object Oriented
Programming Languages are
C++, Java, Smalltalk, Simula, Eiffel
etc.
