Pathophysiology
o Pathophysiology - it's physiology of sick organism where studying appearance or development results in outcome of disease.
o Pathos - disease
o Pathology - science of disease
o Pathanatomy - studies of disease according morphology or structurally
o Pathbiochemistry - usage of medicine in pathophysiology.
Pathophysiology can divide to:
1) General nosology (nosus - disease).
Patho - refer investigating on death.
Noso - - refer investing on alive.
i) General etiology (etia - cause,reason).
• Determine cause of disease
• Conditions lead to it.
• Risk factors (smoking - lung cancer; drinking - Htpt).
• Prophylaxis - primary prevention - vaccination, secondary prevetion - changing life style (correction of risk factors), tertiary prevention - recovery.
2) Pathogenesis - mechanism of development of disease.
a) Determination of level of injury
• Molecular.
• Subcellular
• Cellular
• Tissues pathology
• Organs
• Systems
• Whole organism.
After determining of level of injury we decide.
b) Determination of reactions caused by injury level.
• Pathological reasons.
• Pathological processes - inflammation, high fever, trombosis, embolism.
• Pathological state - condition after disease.
c) Determination of interaction between cause and results. - it's level of injury reaction = vicious cycle (circulus vitiosus). E.x: trauma followed by bleeding - of arterial BP - HR. so must remove pathological reason for restoring.
3) Special pathophysiology dills with special organs.
Pathophysiology can divide to:
1. Clinical - examination on alive patient about a running disease perform studies on patient
o Determining level of compensation - example: if cold outside our immune system is weak, and from cold we can get inflammation in the lung.
o Examination of enzymes - Objective method
o Prognoses according data from ECG, EEG.
2. Experimental - testing of treatment on animals
Preparing of experiment:
1) Theoretical hypotesis - for preparing of experiment.
2) Collecting of special methods - Randomization - we have to use max sensitivity of 5%.
3) Placebo (double control method).
4) Calculation.
Evaluation of results:
When performing an experiment we must determine what is the type of reaction. Determining of dysfunction or abnormality of following:
1) Hypofunction.
