BC
* 17th century BC - Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa: first known Babylonian astronomical observations
* 360s BC - Eudoxus of Cnidus: first Greek planetary models
* 350s BC - Heraclides: rotation of Earth:
* 3rd century BC - Eratosthenes: Measured the size of the earth, distance to the sun and to the moon.
[edit] 13th century
* 1220-1235 - Robert Grosseteste: rudimentals of the scientific method (also: Roger Bacon)
[edit] 14th century
* Before 1327 - William of Ockham: Occam's Razor
[edit] 16th century
* 1543 - Copernicus: the earth revolves around the sun
* 1543 - Vesalius: human anatomy
* 1552 - Michael Servetus: pulmonary circulation
[edit] 17th century
* 1609 - Johannes Kepler: first two laws of planetary motion
* 1610 - Galileo Galilei: Sidereus Nuncius: telescopic observations
* 1614 - John Napier: use of logarithms for calculation [1]
* 1628 - William Harvey: Blood circulation
* 1637 - René Descartes: Scientific method
* 1643 - Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer
* 1662 - Robert Boyle: Boyle's law of ideal gas [2]
* 1665 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society first peer reviewed scientific journal published.
* 1669 - Nicholas Steno: Proposes that fossils are organic remains embedded in layers of sediment, basis of stratigraphy
* 1675 - Leibniz, Newton: infinitesimal calculus
* 1676 - Ole Rømer: first measurement of the speed of light
* 1687 - Newton: Laws of motion, law of universal gravitation, basis for classical physics
[edit] 18th century
* 1714 - Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the mercury thermometer
* 1745 - Ewald Jürgen Georg von Kleist first capacitor, the Leyden jar
* 1750 - Joseph Black describes latent heat
* 1751 - Benjamin Franklin: Lightning is electrical
* 1785 - William Withering: publishes the first definitive account of the use of foxglove (digitalis) for treating dropsy
* 1787 - Jacques Charles: Charles' law of ideal gas
* 1789 - Lavoisier: law of conservation of mass, basis for chemistry
* 1796 - Georges Cuvier: Establishes extinction as a fact
* 1799 - William Smith: Publishes geologic map of England, first geologic map ever, first applicaton of stratigraphy
[edit] 19th century
* 1800 - Alessandro Volta described the electric battery
* 1805 - John Dalton (scientist): Atomic Theory in (Chemistry)
* 1827 - Amedeo Avogadro: Avogadro's law (Gas laws)
* 1828 - Friedrich Wöhler synthesized urea, destroying vitalism
