Glossary Of Devices

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Acrostic  Where the first letter, syllable or word of each line, paragraph or other recurring feature in the text spells out a word or a message. 

Allegory – Something symbolic, an allegory can often be a story that represents larger things, like the tortoise and the hare. 

Alliteration – Words beginning with same letter sounds to create a notably emphasis on words "dark dreary dreams".

Allusion – Referring to something well known, nowadays that could be a celebrity but it could be anything that fits the context of the poem (Shakespeare will make very old allusions we don't understand). 

Ambiguity/Ambiguous – A word or idea meaning more than one thing to provoke thought.  

Analogy – Compare something unfamiliar with something familiar to help people understand.  

Anaphora – The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of lines, creating rhetorical emphasis on that phrase.

Anthropomorphism – The technique of ascribing human-like qualities to things which aren't actually human.

Assonance  Like alliteration, the sound of assonance come from within the word rather than the start "Fearful tears of misery" (emphasis on the e-a-s sounds). 

Asyndeton – The omission of conjunctions between clauses.

Bathos – A descent in literature in which a poet or writer–striving too hard to be passionate or elevated–falls into trivial or stupid imagery, phrasing, or ideas. Some authors and poets use bathos intentionally for humorous effect.

Blank Verse – Unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Cacophony – Harsh sounds in order to make a discordant sound. "dark knuckles wrapping across bricks" (often Ks, Ts, Cks).

Caesura  A caesura is a break of meaning and rhythm within a line.   

Cliché – Something which is used a great amount and becomes expected or even cheesy, "raining cats and dogs".

Colloquial  Language that is used in speech with an informal meaning; 'chill', 'out of this world', 'take a rain check'.

Connotation – The associations with a word e.g. Rose – Love and Passion.   

Consonance – Consonant sounds at the end of words "wet set of regrets". 

Contrast – Closely placed ideas which are opposites or very different. 'He had cold eyes but a warm heart'.

Dehumanisation – Depriving a person or group of positive human qualities

Denotation  The literal definition of something without reading to deeply into it.

Dialect  The version of a language spoken by particular people in a particular area, such as Scots.

Dissonance  A discordant combination of sounds; the clash, spew and slow pang of grinding waves against the quay.  

Dramatic Monologue – A poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or series of events.

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