The eXPeRT?s VOIce? In DaTabase

Applied
Mathematics
for Database
Professionals

Learn to use set theory and logic to design databases
and their business rules effectively, and to communicate
precisely about those designs with other stakeholders.

Lex de Haan and Toon Koppelaars

Foreword by Hugh Darwen and Chris Date



Applied Mathematics for
Database Professionals


Lex de Haan and Toon Koppelaars



Applied Mathematics for Database Professionals
Copyright ? 2007 by Lex de Haan and Toon Koppelaars

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval
system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.

ISBN-13: 978-1-59059-745-3

ISBN-10: 1-59059-745-1

Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence
of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark
owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.

Lead Editor: Jonathan Gennick
Technical Reviewers: Chris Date, Cary Millsap
Editorial Board: Steve Anglin, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell, Jonathan Gennick, Jason Gilmore,

Jonathan Hassell, Chris Mills, Matthew Moodie, Jeffrey Pepper, Ben Renow-Clarke,

Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh
Project Manager: Tracy Brown Collins
Copy Edit Manager: Nicole Flores
Copy Editor: Susannah Davidson Pfalzer
Assistant Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony
Production Editor: Kelly Winquist
Compositor: Dina Quan
Proofreader: April Eddy
Indexer: Brenda Miller
Artist: April Milne
Cover Designer: Kurt Krames
Manufacturing Director: Tom Debolski

Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor,
New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e-mail orders-ny@springer-sbm.com, or
visit http://www.springeronline.com.

For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 600,
Berkeley, CA 94705. Phone 510-549-5930, fax 510-549-5939, e-mail info@apress.com, or visit
http://www.apress.com.

The information in this book is distributed on an ?as is? basis, without warranty. Although every precaution
has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any
liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly
or indirectly by the information contained in this work.

The source code for this book is available to readers at http://www.apress.com
in the Source Code/
Download section. You will need to answer questions pertaining to this book in order to successfully
downloa...

Show full text: 854,000 characters