Differentiate between TRUNCATE and DELETE
What is the maximum buffer size that can be specified using the DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE function?
Can you use a commit statement within a database trigger?
What is an UTL_FILE.What are different procedures and functions associated with it?
Difference between database triggers and form triggers?
What is OCI. What are its uses?
What are ORACLE PRECOMPILERS?
What is syntax for dropping a procedure and a function? Are these operations possible?
Can a function take OUT parameters. If not why?
Can the default values be assigned to actual parameters?
What is difference between a formal and an actual parameter?
What are different modes of parameters used in functions and procedures?
Difference between procedure and function.
Can cursor variables be stored in PL/SQL tables.If yes how. If not why?
How do you pass cursor variables in PL/SQL?
How do you open and close a cursor variable.Why it is required?
What should be the return type for a cursor variable.Can we use a scalar data type as return type?
What is use of a cursor variable? How it is defined?
What WHERE CURRENT OF clause does in a cursor?
Difference between NO DATA FOUND and %NOTFOUND
What is a cursor for loop?
What are cursor attributes?
Difference between an implicit & an explicit cursor.
What is a cursor?
What is the purpose of a cluster?
How do you find the numbert of rows in a Table ?
Display the number value in Words?
What is a pseudo column. Give some examples?
How you will avoid your query from using indexes?
What is a OUTER JOIN?
Which is more faster - IN or EXISTS?
When do you use WHERE clause and when do you use HAVING clause?
There is a % sign in one field of a column. What will be the query to find it?
What is difference between SUBSTR and INSTR?
Which datatype is used for storing graphics and images?
What is difference between SQL and SQL*PLUS?
What is difference between UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY constraints?
What is difference between Rename and Alias?
What are various joins used while writing SUBQUERIES?



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. Explain the difference between a database administrator and a data administrator.

Database Administrator :- A person (or group of people) responsible for the maintenance and performance of a database and responsible for the planning, implementation, configuration, and administration of relational database management systems.

Data Administrator :- The individual or organization responsible for the specification, acquisition, and maintenance of data management software and the design, validation, and security of files or databases. The DA is in charge of the data dictionary and data model.

2. Explain the difference between an explicit and an implicit lock.

Explicit Lock :- Lock is explicitly requested for a record or table.
Implicit Lock :- Lock is implied but is not acquired

3. What is lock granularity?

There are many locks available for the database system to have like
Intent Shared, Shared, Intent exclusive, exclusive and Shared Intent exclusive.
Locking granularity refers to the size and hence the number of locks used to ensure the consistency of a database during multiple concurrent updates.

4. In general, how should the boundaries of a transaction be defined?

A transaction ensures that one or more operations execute as an atomic unit of work. If one of the operations within a transaction fails, then all of them are rolled-back so that the application is returned to its prior state. The boundaries that define a group of operations done within a single transaction.

5. Explain the meaning of the expression ACID transaction.

ACID means Atomic, Consistency, Isolation, Durability, so when any transaction happen it should be Atomic that is it should either be complete or fully incomplete. There should not be anything like Semi complete. The Database State should remain consistent after the completion of the transaction. If there are more than one Transaction then the transaction should be scheduled in such a fashion that they remain in Isolation of one another.Durability means that Once a transaction commits, its effects will persist even if there are system failures.

6. Explain the necessity of defining processing rights and responsibilities. How are such responsibilities enforced?

One of the reason to define rights is the security in the database system. If any user is allowed to define the data or alter the data then the database would just be of no use and so processing rights and responsibilities are clearly defined in any database system. The resposibilities are enforced using the table space provided by the database system.