Bai4. LY LUAN CHUNG VE THE THAO DIEN KINH
1. KHAI NIEM: dien kinh la mot mon the thao bao gom cac noi dung: di bo, chay, nhay, nem day, va nhieu mon phoi hop.
Dien kinh , tu chinh thuc duoc dung o nuoc ta, thuc chat la mot tu Han viet dc dung de bieu thi nhung hoat dong tap luyen va thi dau o tren san( dien) va tren duong chay( kinh). No co nghia tuong ung voi tu Aletic trong tieng Hilap cổ, ATHLETIC trong tieng Anh. Mot so it nuoc tren the gioi (nga, bungari..) con dung tu " dien kinh nhe" den phan bit voi mon cu ta " dien kinh nang".
2. phan loai: dien kinh la 1 monTT co noi dung rat phong phu. De th uan tien cho giang day, huan luyen va to chuc quan ly nguoi ta phan loai dien kinh theo 2 cach chu yeu sau: phan loai thoe nhom mon, phan loai theo tinh chat hoat dong.
. phan loai theo tc hoat dong: dua vao dac diem tung mon co hay ko co chu ky, nguoi ta phan dien kinh thanh 2 nhom mon:
_ nhom mon hoat dong co ck, gom: di bo va chay.
_ nhom mon hoat dong ko co chu ky, gom: nhay, nem day va cac mon phoi hop.
. phan loai theo nhom mon: dua vao dac thu cua tung nhom mon, nguoi ta phan dien kinh thanh 5 nhom:
1. nhom di bo: cu ly tap luyen tu 3-50km la nhung mon thi trong cac dai hoi the thao.
2. nhom cac mon chay:
a. chay trong san VD:
+ chay cu ly ngan: 20-400m. trong do 100m,200m,400m la cac mon thi dau trong cac dai hoi TT Olympic.
+ chay cu ly trung binh: 500-2000m. trong do chay 800 den 1500 la cac mon thi dau trong cac dai hoi tt olympic.
+ chay cu ly dai: 3000 - 30000m. trong do cac mon chay 3000( nu),5000m va 10000( nam) la cac mon thi dau trong cac dai hoi TT olimpic.
b. chay tren dia hinh tu nhien: tu' 500-50000m. trong do mon chay marathon(42,195m) la mon thi dau trong dai hoi TT Olympic. Ngaoi ra thi chay việt giã, chạy marathon con dc to chuc rieng cho cac khu vuc hoac cac quoc gia trong he thong thi dau cua lien doan DK nghiep du quoc te.
c. Chay vuot chuong ngaivat: chay vuot rao tu' 80m den 400m va chay 3000m vuot chuong ngai vat. Trong do chay vuot rao 100m nu 110 m nam, 200m va 400m,3000m la nhung mon thi dau trong daihoi olympic.
d. Chay tiep suc: chay cu ly ngan ( tu 50m- 400m) ,tiep suc cu ly trung binh( tu 800m den 1500m) va chay tiep suc hon hop( 800m+400m+200m+100m; 400m+300m+200m+100m...). trong do chay tiep suc 4x100m va 4x400m la cac mon thi chinh thuc trong dai hoi Tt olympic.
3.nhom cac mon nhay: gom: nhay xa, nhay 3 buoc, nhay cao, nhay sao. Cac mon nay deu co trong chuong trinh thi dau cua dai hoi TT Olympic. Ngoai ra, nhay xa, nhay cao ko da( tai cho nhay xa, nhay cao) dc dung de tap luyen va kiem tra the luc.
4. nhom cac mon nem: gom: nem bong, nem luu dan, nem dia, nem lao, nem ta xich, day ta. Trong do nem lao,nem dia, nem ta xich va day ta la nhung mon thi trong DHTTO.
5. nhom cac mon phoi hop:
+ 7 mon phoi hop cua nu: chay 100m rao, nhay cao, day ta (0.4kg); chay 200m;nhay xa;nem lao 800m.
+ 10 mon phoi hop nam: chay 100m, nhay xa, nhay cao, chay 400m, chay 110 rao, nem dia, nhay xao, nem lao, va chay 1k5m. la nhung mon thi dau chinh thuc trong DHTTO.
